![]() The goal: to exploit spatial modes in a ray-wave duality state where the modes appear to be wave-like and ray-like at the same time. 1) for free-space optical communication “by virtue of three independent DoFs, including central OAM, sub-beam OAM, and coherent-state phase”-the tri-DoFs. According to Fu, these act as high-dimensional information carriers (see Fig. The work, done in collaboration with a team from the University of Southampton (U.K.), looks to exceed the limit with a new type of structured light: spatially multiplexed multi-vortex geometric beams (MVGB). Alongside fellow Tsinghua professor Qiang Liu, Fu leads new research ( published in Light: Science & Applications) into boosting the capacity of optical communications. “To guarantee sufficiently received optical power for data recovery, currently the number of OAM modes that can be practically supported is severely limited to mostly under 20,” Fu adds. “In practice, the OAM modal set alone cannot reach the capacity limit of a communication channel since the beam diverges rapidly as the OAM order enlarges,” Fu says. But putting that to real-world practice is a different story. Among all spatial modes, beams carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM)-described by Xing Fu, a professor at Tsinghua University (China), as “the component of angular momentum of a light beam that is dependent on the field spatial distribution, not on the polarization”-could, in theory, accommodate infinite orthogonal modes. ![]() ![]() Using different orthogonal spatial modes for different transmission channels, mode-division multiplexing (MDM) of independent optical degrees of freedom (DoF) can expand data capacity. Building on an existing method for supporting optical data channels, work by a multinational team of researchers could address future issues prompted by the growing demand for higher information bandwidth.
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